{"id":16241040,"date":"2020-11-06T08:18:14","date_gmt":"2020-11-06T07:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jarokelok.blog.hu\/2020\/11\/06\/kina_uj_epitesu_varosa_meg_lakosok_nelkul"},"modified":"2025-03-05T17:32:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-05T17:32:08","slug":"kina_uj_epitesu_varosa_meg_lakosok_nelkul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jarokelo.hu\/blog\/kina_uj_epitesu_varosa_meg_lakosok_nelkul\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00edna \u00faj \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u0171 v\u00e1rosa m\u00e9g lakosok n\u00e9lk\u00fcl"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00edna egy 1700 n\u00e9gyzetkilom\u00e9tern\u00e9l is nagyobb z\u00f6ld v\u00e1rost \u00e9p\u00edt Csengtu v\u00e1rost\u00f3l d\u00e9lnyugatra. A l\u00e1togat\u00f3kat hatalmas, j\u00f3l \u00e1polt f\u00fcves ter\u00fcletek fogadj\u00e1k, ezeket mesters\u00e9ges t\u00f3rendszer \u00f6leli k\u00f6rbe, melyek egy\u00fctt a Central Park m\u00e9ret\u00e9t teszik ki.\u00a0Ez a Tianfu parkv\u00e1ros egyike annak a t\u00f6bb sz\u00e1z \u00f6kov\u00e1ros fejleszt\u00e9si projektnek, amellyel a korm\u00e1ny 100 milli\u00f3 embert tervez a falvakb\u00f3l v\u00e1rosi ter\u00fcletekre k\u00f6lt\u00f6ztetni. Az urbaniz\u00e1ci\u00f3, az el\u0151v\u00e1rosok terjeszked\u00e9se \u00e9s a nagyv\u00e1rosokkal val\u00f3 \u00f6ssze\u00e9p\u00fcl\u00e9se \u00e9vtizedek alatt terjedelmes z\u00f6ldter\u00fcleteket, term\u0151f\u00f6ldeket sz\u00e1molt fel \u00e9s \u00edgy k\u00f6rnyezetszennyez\u00e9st gener\u00e1lt, ez\u00e9rt K\u00edna pr\u00f3b\u00e1l fenntarthat\u00f3bb m\u00f3dot tal\u00e1lni a terjeszked\u00e9sre, jobb \u00e9letk\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyeket teremtve \u00e1llampolg\u00e1rai sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

A k\u00f6rny\u00e9kbeliek v\u00e9lem\u00e9nye szerint a k\u00f6rny\u00e9ken j\u00f3 lett a leveg\u0151, sok lett a z\u00f6ld \u00e9s a lak\u00e1saik \u00e9rt\u00e9ke is n\u0151tt. Sokuk sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a k\u00f6rny\u00e9k gy\u00f6ny\u00f6r\u0171 parkos\u00edt\u00e1sa \u00e9s modern \u00e9p\u00fcletei megtestes\u00edtik az \u00f6kov\u00e1ros szellemis\u00e9g\u00e9t, \u00e9s hatalmas el\u0151rel\u00e9p\u00e9st jelentenek a m\u00faltban rosszul fel\u00e9p\u00edtett v\u00e1rosokhoz k\u00e9pest, vagyis a tiszta leveg\u0151, a v\u00edz \u00e9s az utc\u00e1k ink\u00e1bb barom\u00e9terei az \u00f6kociviliz\u00e1ci\u00f3nak, mint az energiatakar\u00e9kos \u00e9p\u00fcletek. A korm\u00e1ny pedig \u00f6r\u00fcl, hogy tesztelheti a technikai, innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00f6tleteit an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy a lak\u00f3kon kelljen k\u00eds\u00e9rletezni\u00fck, hiszen egyel\u0151re senki sem lakik m\u00e9g a telep\u00fcl\u00e9sen.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"tianfu.jpg\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Fot\u00f3: Mr Sun<\/a>, Pixabay.hu<\/p>\n

A Tianfu-projektet \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sb\u00f3l val\u00f3s\u00edtj\u00e1k meg, ami el\u0151seg\u00edti az ingatlan\u00e1rak emelked\u00e9s\u00e9t is. 2019 els\u0151 fel\u00e9ben a v\u00e1ros t\u00f6bb mint 300 milli\u00e1rd j\u00fcannyi (44 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1r) beruh\u00e1z\u00e1sra \u00edrt al\u00e1 szerz\u0151d\u00e9st. Amikor a legnagyobb \u00e9p\u00edtkez\u00e9s befejez\u0151dik id\u00e9n, a ter\u00fclet k\u00f6zel 60% -\u00e1t teszik majd ki a mesters\u00e9ges tavak, parkok \u00e9s egy\u00e9b z\u00f6ldfel\u00fcletek. A lakoss\u00e1g sz\u00e1ma 2030-ra \u00e9ri el a 6,3 milli\u00f3ban meghat\u00e1rozott l\u00e9tsz\u00e1mkorl\u00e1tot. Sz\u00e1munkra ez nagyon soknak t\u0171nhet, \u00e1m ez mind\u00f6ssze negyede K\u00edna legnagyobb v\u00e1rosainak, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul Sanghaj.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00edna az\u00e9rt kezdi \u201ez\u00f6lden\u201d l\u00e1tni a vil\u00e1got, mert k\u00e9t nagyon s\u00fcrget\u0151 k\u00f6rnyezeti probl\u00e9m\u00e1t kell megoldania miel\u0151bb.\u00a0 A v\u00e1rosi infrastrukt\u00fara \u00e9s a lak\u00f3h\u00e1zak nagyszab\u00e1s\u00fa \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se az orsz\u00e1g egyik legnagyobb \u00fcvegh\u00e1zhat\u00e1s\u00fa g\u00e1zforr\u00e1s\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt. Ugyanakkor a vid\u00e9ki \u00e9s a v\u00e1rosi \u00e9letk\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek egyar\u00e1nt leromlottak. K\u00edna nagyv\u00e1rosainak lakosai az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vtizedekben a szennyezett leveg\u0151t\u0151l \u00e9s a rossz min\u0151s\u00e9g\u0171 iv\u00f3v\u00edzt\u0151l is szenvednek. Az orsz\u00e1g f\u00fcves ter\u00fcleteinek mintegy 90% -\u00e1ban \u00e9s a f\u0151bb vizes \u00e9l\u0151helyeinek 40% -\u00e1ban szint\u00e9n hatalmas k\u00e1rokat okoztak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ez a k\u00f6rnyezetjav\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00f6rekv\u00e9s nem volt azonban el\u0151zm\u00e9nyek n\u00e9lk\u00fcli. 2012-ben Xi Jinping eln\u00f6k kezdte el hangs\u00falyozni az \u00f6kociviliz\u00e1ci\u00f3t, vagyis azt, hogy a fejleszt\u00e9sek vegy\u00e9k figyelembe a k\u00f6rnyezeti k\u00f6lts\u00e9geket. Az \u00faj v\u00e1rosok \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 korm\u00e1nyzati ir\u00e1nyelvek akkoriban, b\u00e1r olyan kulcsszavakat tartalmaznak, mint az alacsony sz\u00e9n-dioxid-kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00fa \u00e9s a k\u00f6rnyezetv\u00e9delem, m\u00e9gis kev\u00e9s konkr\u00e9t k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyt t\u00e1masztottak az energiahat\u00e9konys\u00e1ggal \u00e9s az \u00e9p\u00edt\u0151anyagokkal szemben.<\/span><\/p>\n

A parkv\u00e1ros fogalom<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Tianfu vir\u00e1gz\u00e1sa Xi eln\u00f6k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak is k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151, aki 2018-ban l\u00e1togat\u00e1s tett Csengduban \u00e9s kijelentette, hogy a fejleszt\u00e9si projektnek meg kell val\u00f3s\u00edtania a klasszikus parkv\u00e1ros jellemz\u0151it. A helyi vezet\u0151k gyorsan hozz\u00e1kapcsolt\u00e1k a v\u00e1ros hivatalos nev\u00e9hez a parkv\u00e1rost, \u00e9s utcai hirdet\u00e9sekkel nyomat\u00e9kos\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a k\u00f6rny\u00e9k bizony z\u00f6ld lesz. Parkv\u00e1ros Kutat\u00f3int\u00e9zetet hoztak l\u00e9tre annak \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, hogy ez az \u00faj, z\u00f6ld projekt az urbaniz\u00e1ci\u00f3 nemzetk\u00f6zileg is h\u00edres \u00e9s sikeres modellj\u00e9v\u00e9 v\u00e1ljon.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00edna politik\u00e1ja azt mutatja, hogy a fels\u0151vezet\u00e9s elt\u00f6k\u00e9lt sz\u00e1nd\u00e9ka a k\u00f6rnyezet helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa, de nem mindig ez motiv\u00e1lja a helyi b\u00fcrokrat\u00e1kat – nem elhanyagolhat\u00f3 szempont az \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s \u00e9s a gazdas\u00e1gi n\u00f6veked\u00e9s \u00f6szt\u00f6nz\u00e9se.<\/span><\/p>\n

Az \u00f6kov\u00e1ros fejleszt\u00e9snek min\u0151s\u00edtett t\u00f6bb sz\u00e1z projekt k\u00f6z\u00fcl sokban nem alkalmaznak olyan fenntarthat\u00f3 strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kat, mint az energiatakar\u00e9kos \u00e9p\u00fcletek, az okos forgalmi elrendez\u00e9sek \u00e9s a meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energia. A fejleszt\u0151k gyakran hirdetik \u00e9p\u00fcleteiket k\u00f6rnyezetbar\u00e1tnak, mert bent megtartj\u00e1k a stabil h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletet, p\u00e1ratartalmat \u00e9s oxig\u00e9nt, de ennek el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez val\u00f3j\u00e1ban nagy mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramfogyaszt\u00e1s sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, \u00edgy az eredeti elk\u00e9pzel\u00e9ssel \u00e9ppen ellent\u00e9tes hat\u00e1suk lehet.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hol maradnak a lakosok \u2013 m\u00e1r megint?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Csup\u00e1n az a gond, hogy ezeknek az \u00fajonnan \u00e9p\u00fclt z\u00f6ld v\u00e1rosoknak \u00fczleti v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sokra \u00e9s munkahelyekre is sz\u00fcks\u00e9g\u00fck van, nemcsak sz\u00e9p parkokra. B\u00e1r a Tianfu k\u00f6zponti \u00fczleti negyed\u00e9be \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sokkal \u00e9s ad\u00f3kedvezm\u00e9nyekkel becs\u00e1b\u00edtott helyi v\u00e1llalatok m\u00e1r bek\u00f6lt\u00f6ztek az \u00faj felh\u0151karcol\u00f3kba, a v\u00e1ros azonban kor\u00e1ntsem ny\u00fczs\u00f6g. Az olyan l\u00e1ncok, mint a Starbucks vagy a Pizza Hut \u201ckirakatk\u00e9nt\u201d \u00fczleteket nyitottak a v\u00edzparton, ott, ahol az ingatlank\u00f6zvet\u00edt\u0151k az \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u0151ket v\u00e9gigvezetik a v\u00e1roson.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fal korai azt mondani, hogy Tianfu elegend\u0151 lakost vonz majd. Sokkal nagyobb lehet a k\u00edn\u00e1lat, mint a kereslet, ha az emberek nem \u00e9rzik igaz\u00e1n sz\u00fcks\u00e9g\u00e9t egy \u00faj \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u0171 v\u00e1rosba k\u00f6lt\u00f6zni, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen ott, ahol a megl\u00e9v\u0151 v\u00e1rost m\u00e9g nem haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k ki teljesen. A k\u00f6zeli Chengdu ugyanis az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vekben n\u00e9pszer\u0171 hely a magas b\u00e9rleti d\u00edj el\u0151l menek\u00fcl\u0151 fiatalok k\u00f6r\u00e9ben.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"chengdu-1739804_640.jpg\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Fot\u00f3: Mr Sun<\/a>, Pixabay.hu<\/span><\/p>\n

Ha az embernek d\u00e9j\u00e1 vu \u00e9rz\u00e9se van a projekttel kapcsolatban, az nem csoda. A K\u00edna keleti partja ment\u00e9n fekv\u0151 Tianjin-i Binhai New City is ehhez hasonl\u00f3an \u00e9p\u00fclt fel a semmib\u0151l. \u00daj p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi k\u00f6zpontnak k\u00e9pzelt\u00e9k el, amikor Wen Jiabao volt minisztereln\u00f6k t\u00f6bb mint 10 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt elind\u00edtotta a projektet. 2019-ben azonban csak 100000 ember \u00e9lt \u00e9s dolgozott a k\u00ednai-szingap\u00fari \u00f6kov\u00e1rosban, ami messze elmaradt a korm\u00e1ny azon c\u00e9lj\u00e1t\u00f3l, hogy 2020-ig 350000 \u00e1lland\u00f3 lakosa legyen.<\/span><\/p>\n

A ford\u00edt\u00e1st a Bloomberg cikke alapj\u00e1n Z\u00e1goni Bella k\u00e9sz\u00edtette. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Forr\u00e1s:\u00a0<\/span><\/span>https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/features\/2020-09-24\/china-is-building-green-cities-but-struggling-to-find-residents<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u00edna egy 1700 n\u00e9gyzetkilom\u00e9tern\u00e9l is nagyobb z\u00f6ld v\u00e1rost \u00e9p\u00edt Csengtu v\u00e1rost\u00f3l d\u00e9lnyugatra. A l\u00e1togat\u00f3kat hatalmas, j\u00f3l \u00e1polt f\u00fcves ter\u00fcletek fogadj\u00e1k, ezeket mesters\u00e9ges t\u00f3rendszer \u00f6leli k\u00f6rbe, melyek egy\u00fctt a Central Park m\u00e9ret\u00e9t teszik ki.\u00a0Ez a Tianfu parkv\u00e1ros egyike annak a t\u00f6bb sz\u00e1z \u00f6kov\u00e1ros fejleszt\u00e9si projektnek, amellyel a korm\u00e1ny 100 milli\u00f3 embert tervez a falvakb\u00f3l v\u00e1rosi ter\u00fcletekre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":18700110,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[42,305,52,115],"class_list":["post-16241040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kategorizalatlan","tag-elheto_varos","tag-kina","tag-varosokajovoert","tag-zoldfelulet"],"yoast_head":"\nK\u00edna \u00faj \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u0171 v\u00e1rosa m\u00e9g lakosok n\u00e9lk\u00fcl - J\u00e1r\u00f3kel\u0151 blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jarokelo.hu\/blog\/kina_uj_epitesu_varosa_meg_lakosok_nelkul\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00edna \u00faj \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u0171 v\u00e1rosa m\u00e9g lakosok n\u00e9lk\u00fcl - J\u00e1r\u00f3kel\u0151 blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"K\u00edna egy 1700 n\u00e9gyzetkilom\u00e9tern\u00e9l is nagyobb z\u00f6ld v\u00e1rost \u00e9p\u00edt Csengtu v\u00e1rost\u00f3l d\u00e9lnyugatra. 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